Mark Morgan’s work as an associate professor of parks, recreation and tourism at the University of Missouri School of Natural Resources has taken him from streams in the Missouri Ozarks to Vietnamese resorts. Early one Sunday morning, his work brought Morgan and his students to a line of dumpsters in the shadow of MU’s Memorial Stadium.

The Tiger Tailgate Recycling project is a partnership between Sustain Mizzou, MU Sustainability Office, MU Intercollegiate Athletics and the City of Columbia. It encourages football fans at home games to dispose of recyclable glass, aluminum and plastic in designated containers. Keeping recyclables out of the trash helps the environment and saves the University money on landfill disposal costs. During the 2011-12 season, the program collected almost 15 tons of recyclables.

Fans play an essential in the success of the program. Project organizers are counting on them to put recyclables in either the designated bins in and around Memorial Stadium, or in blue bags that volunteers hand out to tailgaters encamped in RVs, vans and pickup trucks.

Students weigh and examine game-day trash outside the MU Sustainability Office.

Class Will Convene at the Dumpsters

Morgan and his graduate students enrolled in his class “Visitor Behavior and Policy” decided to see how well the program was working. That meant getting up early the day after Mizzou’s 24-20 win over Arizona State, collecting plastic bags from the dumpsters behind the stadium and cutting them open to see what’s inside.

The class looked at 86 bags in all—27 black bags from trash cans, 27 clear bags from the recycle bins and 32 of the hand-delivered blue bags for recyclables. Each bag was weighed and cut open. Students wearing rubber gloves sorted their contents, separating recyclable materials from non-recyclable materials, including liquid and food waste. The amount of recyclable content from each bag was weighed.

Mark Morgan.

“Every bag is a new surprise,” Morgan said. One recycle bag contained an industrial-sized can of nacho cheese sauce. Other bags contained items such as a $5 bill, a champagne glass and a birthday cake.

“It’s definitely a dirty job, but that’s okay,” said graduate student Chris Logan. “We’re having a good time, talking to everybody, but it’s important. It’s something we want to do for the environment.”

Students opened 86 trash bags and separated recyclable from nonrecyclable refuse.

Do the Research Results Stink?

The blue bags had an average recyclable content of 80 percent. The clear bags averaged 69.2 percent recyclable and the black bags—which are supposed to contain no recyclables—averaged 44.2 percent recyclable material.

“Human behavior is not perfect,” said graduate student Courtney Schultz. “Fans seem to be doing a pretty good job of at least putting all their materials in a bag, whether or not it’s the appropriate bag.”

According to the Columbia public works department, the city collected almost 3.5 tons of recyclable material from the Arizona State game, including an estimated 30,000 aluminum cans, more than 11,000 glass bottles and about 8,600 plastic containers. Based on the results of the research by Morgan and his class, the tailgate recycling program could increase that amount by at least several tons.

Morgan said that the next step is for his class to brainstorm ideas and develop some practical proposals for increasing the amount of material recovered for recycling.